Yes, car seats are generally allowed on planes, provided they meet specific safety standards and airline guidelines.
Traveling with little ones brings a unique set of questions, and figuring out the logistics of car seats on an airplane is often at the top of the list for many parents. It’s a common concern, balancing safety, convenience, and airline rules. Understanding the regulations and best practices can make your family’s journey much smoother and more comfortable.
Understanding FAA Regulations for Car Seats
The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) plays a crucial role in ensuring safety standards for all aspects of air travel, including child restraint systems. Their guidelines dictate what types of car seats are permissible for use during a flight. The primary goal is to ensure that any restraint system used on an aircraft can adequately protect a child during turbulence or an emergency.
What Makes a Car Seat “Aircraft Approved”?
Not every car seat is designed for airplane use. To be considered “aircraft approved,” a car seat must have a specific label indicating its certification. This label confirms the seat meets the necessary safety standards for use in both motor vehicles and aircraft. Look for a label that states: “This restraint is certified for use in motor vehicles and aircraft.” Without this specific wording, an airline might deny its use onboard. The FAA mandates that all Child Restraint Systems (CRSs) used on aircraft must be approved by a foreign government and bear specific markings, or be approved by the FAA.
Child Restraint System (CRS) Requirements
Beyond the certification label, there are other requirements for CRSs. The car seat must be designed to be secured by a standard aircraft lap belt. Booster seats, for example, are not permitted for use on an aircraft during takeoff, landing, or surface movement, as they rely on a shoulder belt that isn’t available on most aircraft seats. Rear-facing car seats are generally allowed, as are forward-facing seats, provided they fit within the aircraft seat dimensions and can be properly secured.
Securing a Seat for Your Child and Car Seat
Deciding whether to purchase a separate seat for your child and their car seat is a significant consideration, impacting both safety and cost. While airlines allow infants under two years old to fly as a “lap child” on an adult’s ticket, the FAA and the American Academy of Pediatrics strongly recommend securing a separate seat for children and using an approved CRS.
The “Lap Child” Option vs. Dedicated Seat
When a child under two flies as a “lap child,” they do not have their own seat and must be held by an adult during the flight. While this saves on airfare, it means the child is not secured by a restraint system. In the event of unexpected turbulence, holding a child securely can be challenging. A dedicated seat with an approved car seat provides the highest level of protection for your child throughout the flight.
Purchasing a Ticket for the Car Seat
If you choose to use a car seat, you must purchase a ticket for your child, regardless of their age. This ensures they have their own seat where the car seat can be installed. Airlines typically charge the same fare for a child’s seat as an adult’s, though some may offer specific infant or child fares. It’s always best to book these tickets directly with the airline or through a travel agent to ensure all details, including car seat usage, are properly noted.
Airline Specific Policies and Restrictions
While the FAA sets the overarching safety standards, individual airlines often have their own specific policies regarding car seat usage. These policies can vary significantly, covering aspects like the size and type of car seat allowed, where it can be installed, and even specific seat assignments.
Checking Your Airline’s Website
Before booking your flight, or at the very least well in advance of your travel date, always check your specific airline’s website for their detailed car seat policy. Look for sections on “traveling with children,” “infants,” or “child restraint systems.” This is where you’ll find the most up-to-date and accurate information for your chosen carrier. Policies can change, so a quick check before each trip is a good habit.
Seat Dimensions and Compatibility
A major factor is whether your car seat will physically fit into the aircraft seat. Most standard car seats are designed to fit within the typical 16-inch to 18-inch width of an economy airline seat. However, some larger car seats may exceed these dimensions, making them unsuitable for use on certain aircraft. Airlines may also restrict car seats from certain rows, such as exit rows or rows directly in front of or behind an exit row, due to evacuation procedures. Bulkhead seats are often a good option as they offer more legroom, which can be helpful for rear-facing car seats, but these seats may also have restrictions on car seat use due to airbag systems or other design elements. It’s wise to inquire about seat width and any specific restrictions when you book.
| Airline Policy Aspect | Common Restrictions/Considerations | Recommendation |
|---|---|---|
| Car Seat Width | Typically max 16-18 inches to fit aircraft seat. | Measure your car seat before flying. |
| Approved Label | Must have “for motor vehicles and aircraft” label. | Verify label presence and legibility. |
| Seat Location | Often prohibited in exit rows, some bulkhead seats. | Confirm with airline during booking/check-in. |
Installation Tips and Best Practices Onboard
Once you’re on the plane, installing the car seat correctly is key to ensuring your child’s safety and comfort. Flight attendants are trained to assist, but understanding the process yourself can save time and stress.
Forward-Facing vs. Rear-Facing Installation
Both forward-facing and rear-facing car seats are generally permitted, provided they are aircraft-approved and fit. Rear-facing car seats often require more space, which is why bulkhead rows (the first row in a cabin section) can be advantageous if allowed by the airline. When installing, ensure the car seat is secured tightly with the aircraft’s lap belt, following the manufacturer’s instructions for vehicle installation, but using only the lap belt. The seat should not wobble more than an inch side-to-side or front-to-back at the belt path.
Window Seat Preference
Airlines typically require car seats to be installed in a window seat. This is a safety measure to ensure that the car seat does not block the egress of other passengers in the event of an emergency evacuation. It also prevents the car seat from impeding the movement of the beverage cart or other crew activities in the aisle. If you are traveling with two children in car seats, they would need to be in two separate window seats.
Navigating Airport Security with a Car Seat
Getting through airport security with a car seat can feel daunting, especially when juggling children and other carry-on items. Knowing what to expect from the TSA can significantly ease this part of your journey.
TSA Screening Procedures
When going through airport security checkpoints, your car seat will need to be screened. This typically involves removing the child from the car seat and sending the car seat through the X-ray machine. If the car seat is too large to fit through the X-ray, it will undergo a physical inspection by a TSA officer. Be prepared to remove any items from the car seat’s storage compartments and present them for screening as well. Having a lightweight car seat or one with wheels can make this process much easier.
Gate-Checking Your Car Seat
If you decide not to use your car seat on the plane, or if it doesn’t fit, you have the option to gate-check it. This means you can take the car seat with you through the airport and hand it over to airline staff at the boarding gate. It will then be loaded into the cargo hold and returned to you at the jet bridge upon arrival, or at baggage claim, depending on the airline’s policy. Gate-checking is often preferred over checking it with your regular luggage, as it minimizes the time the car seat spends in transit and reduces the risk of damage. Many airlines do not charge for gate-checking car seats.
| Car Seat Travel Strategy | Pros | Cons |
|---|---|---|
| Dedicated Seat Onboard | Highest safety, child comfort, familiar environment. | Requires purchasing a separate ticket, potential fit issues. |
| Gate-Checking | Free for most airlines, car seat available at destination. | Risk of damage, still need to transport through airport. |
| Checked Baggage | No need to carry through airport. | Highest risk of damage, may incur baggage fees. |
Choosing the Right Car Seat for Air Travel
Selecting a car seat with air travel in mind can simplify your trips. Not all car seats are created equal when it comes to portability and airline compatibility.
Lightweight and Travel-Friendly Models
Many manufacturers now offer car seats specifically designed for travel. These models are often lighter, narrower, and sometimes foldable, making them easier to carry through airports and fit into aircraft seats. Look for models that are explicitly marketed as “travel car seats” or “portable car seats.” While they may not offer all the features of a primary car seat, their convenience for flying is a significant advantage.
When to Consider a CARES Harness
For children weighing between 22 and 44 pounds (typically ages 1-4), who have their own seat but are too large for an infant car seat and too small for just a lap belt, a Child Aviation Restraint System (CARES) harness can be an excellent alternative to a traditional car seat. The CARES harness is the only FAA-approved harness-type child restraint for aviation. It’s lightweight, portable, and attaches directly to the aircraft seatbelt, providing a five-point harness system. It’s a fantastic option for children who no longer need a booster seat in a car but still benefit from extra restraint on a plane.
International Travel Considerations
While this guide focuses on US-based travel and FAA regulations, it’s essential to understand that international travel introduces additional layers of complexity regarding car seat rules.
Variations in Global Regulations
Other countries and their airlines operate under different aviation authorities and may have their own specific rules for child restraint systems. For instance, European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) regulations, or those in Canada (Transport Canada), might differ from FAA guidelines. Always research the specific regulations of the airline you are flying with and the destination country’s aviation authority if you plan to use a car seat on an international flight or rent a car at your destination.
Documentation and Certification
When traveling internationally, it’s a good practice to carry a copy of your car seat’s instruction manual and its FAA certification label information, especially if the label is not easily visible. This can help resolve any questions or concerns from airline staff who may be less familiar with US-specific certifications. Some countries may also have different requirements for car seats used in rental vehicles, so checking those guidelines before you arrive is also a wise step.